Where to go scuba diving in Brazil
- Rachel
- 2 hours ago
- 16 min read
Brazil isn’t often the first place that comes to mind for scuba diving, but it’s quickly becoming a rising destination with a growing community of divers and an impressive range of underwater sites to explore.
Brazil offers an incredible variety of sites along its 7,400-kilometre coastline, from the volcanic islands and marine parks of São Paulo, such as Laje de Santos and the Alcatrazes Archipelago, to the shipwreck-rich waters off Recife and Porto de Galinhas, the coral pinnacles of the Abrolhos Archipelago in Bahia, and the natural pools of Maceió and Maragogi in Alagoas.
Divers can explore coral gardens with more than 200 species of fish, encounter sea turtles, rays, and moray eels, or investigate historic wrecks including the Portuguese galleon Galeão Sacramento, the WWII-era liner Itapagé, and the Greek ship Asturia, all of which now serve as artificial reefs. Depths range from shallow natural pools to 60-metre wrecks, with visibility often exceeding 20 metres in calm conditions.
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Top Scuba Diving destinations in Brazil
Brazil’s dive spots are accessible from coastal cities and islands including Santos, Ilhabela, Ubatuba, Ilha Grande, Salvador, Maceió, and Recife. Marine parks and protected areas, such as Fernando de Noronha and Laje de Santos Marine State Park, enforce strict conservation rules ensuring healthy reefs and abundant marine life.
Here are the top places you can go scuba diving in Brazil, each with accessible dive schools and experienced local divers to help safely guide your diving experience.
1. Scuba Diving in São Paulo
Santos & Laje de Santos Marine State Park
Santos is one of the main diving centres on the São Paulo coast. The Laje de Santos Marine State Park protects a rich marine environment, with reef, pelagic and deep-water sites. Diving is allowed under park rules that ensure conservation and the use of mooring buoys instead of anchoring. Capture or collection of marine organisms is prohibited, and landings on the islands or reefs require authorisation.
Dive Sites
Laje de Santos – Boca da Baleia: Rock formation on the south side of Laje de Santos with depths up to 18 metres. Frequent sightings of sea turtles, large fish and benthic species. Suitable only for experienced divers in calm conditions.
Laje de Santos – Portinho: Sheltered northern side of the Laje, averaging 20 metres deep. Smooth rocky slope inhabited by benthic fish, invertebrates and frequent sea turtles.
Laje de Santos – Piscinas: Shallow reef area ideal for photography. Calm conditions and abundant reef fish. Divers must avoid drifting around to the exposed side, where currents can be strong.
Parcel das Âncoras – Laje de Santos: Deep site reaching 45 metres. Known for the many anchors lying on the seabed and the presence of large shoals and pelagic species.
Calhaus – Laje de Santos: Advanced dive point without anchoring ropes. Features a tunnel and open-sea drop-off. Access is possible only when sea conditions allow.
Shipwrecks
Naufrágio do Moréia: Artificial reef created in 1995 when an iron fishing boat was deliberately sunk near Laje de Santos. The wreck is disintegrating and should not be entered. Depth about 29 metres. Home to anemones, gorgonians, crustaceans, groupers, white grunt and salema porgies.
Alcatrazes
The Alcatrazes Archipelago is part of the Tupinambás Ecological Station and one of the most pristine marine zones in Brazil. Diving reopened in 2018 under strict environmental limits.
Dive Sites
Jardim dos Corais – AlcatrazesSheltered site ranging from 10 to 23 metres deep. Coral gardens, reef fish and occasional thermoclines.
Ilha do Farol – AlcatrazesLocated near the main island. Clear water and healthy reefs. Common encounters include turtles and schools of surgeonfish and parrotfish.
Saco do Funil – AlcatrazesSheltered bay dive with depths from 10 to 20 metres. Calm conditions make it suitable for beginners.
Shipwrecks
Ilhabela
Ilhabela offers varied diving, from shallow reefs to offshore islands with stronger currents. The protected marine reserve ensures abundant sea life and clear water throughout most of the year.
Dive Sites
Ilha das Cabras: Marine protected area with no fishing or hunting. Submerged objects such as cables, a truck chassis, anchor and statue of Neptune attract many reef species.
Ilha de Búzios – Costão dos Aquários: Offshore site formed by large stones and crevices, subject to current. Marine life includes turtles, rays and large schools of fish.
Ilha Vitória: Midway between São Sebastião and Ubatuba. Offers both shallow and deep dives. Suitable for all levels.
Ilha Montão de Trigo: Conical island about 10 km offshore. Around the island are caves and burrows with snappers, whiting, groupers, lobsters and monkfish.
Shipwrecks
The waters around the archipelago are filled with more than 50 shipwrecks, six of them being open for diving.
Aymoré: This 60-meter cargo ship is a popular beginner and baptism dive site because it is very close to the surface, with a maximum depth of 9 meters. It is home to whitefish, turtles, and seahorses.
Velazquez: An English ocean liner that sank with 137 crew members aboard, all of whom survived. The wreck has become inhabited by crustaceans and sea sponges.
Príncipe das Astúrias: Considered the largest shipwreck in Brazil, located at depths between 25 and 48 meters. This challenging site has loose cables and strong currents and should only be explored by experienced divers.
Ubatuba
Ubatuba features calm bays and open‑sea dive sites with diversified marine life. The rocky formations host groupers, moray eels and trumpetfish. Nudibranchs, anemones and starfish are abundant along the reef walls. In summer months you may spot dolphins feeding near the surface. Visibility often allows for dramatic views of underwater topography including submerged boulders and pinnacles.
2. Scuba Diving in Rio de Janeiro
Ilha Grande & Angra dos Reis
Ilha Grande offers a wide range of dive experiences, from shallow coastal reefs to deeper rocky formations. Marine life includes sea horses, turtles, moray eels, reef fish such as salemas, bodiões, and sergeants, crustaceans, and colorful invertebrates. Visibility is generally good, and underwater topography includes rocky slopes, crevices, and sheltered coves. It is possible to book a dive trip directly from Angra dos Reis or from Ilha Grande, depending where you are staying.
Dive Sites
Parcel do Coronel: Up to 26 metres deep and 200 metres long, with abundant schools of fish and diverse marine life. Suitable for experienced divers due to currents.
Parcel da Laje Branca: Depths 8–15 metres; submerged rock formations with crevices, clusters of stones, and corals. Currents can occur on rough sea days.
Ilha Josefa: Shallow dive 0–8 metres along rocky coast, featuring sponges, corals, and multicolored small fish.
Ponta Grossa / Ponta do Alvo: Rocky coast with old pier structures; sea horses, turtles, sea stars, and schooling fish are common.
Costão da Jaconema / Deck Pous Nautilus: Depths 4–15 metres; rocky coastline with abundant marine life. Night dives recommended.
Ponta do Bananal: Shallow, sheltered rocky coastline ideal for beginner dives.
Fenda Jorge Grego: Crevice dive, 4 metres wide, 15 metres deep; requires drift diving experience.
Shipwrecks
Naufrágio Pinguino: Located in the middle of Sítio Forte cove, 18 metres deep. Considered the best-preserved shipwreck in the Costa Verde region. The wreck is off-limits for penetration but is ideal for viewing marine life such as crustaceans, groupers, salemas, sea stars, and colorful reef fish.
Rio de Janeiro (Steamboat): Sank on June 2, 1853 due to a charcoal fire. Divers can see remnants of cylinders, pistons, the wheel axle support, and the condenser. Notable for historical interest and its role as a habitat for reef fish.
Arraial do Cabo, Cabo Frio, and Búzios
Arraial do Cabo, Cabo Frio, and Búzios form a popular tourist region on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, called the Lakes Region (Região dos Lagos). Here you'll find sheltered bays, rocky reefs, and open-sea dive sites. The mixing of currents brings nutrient-rich waters, supporting diverse marine life. Divers can encounter shoals of fish, large reef species, turtles, and rays. Visibility is often excellent, and the underwater landscapes include pinnacles, crevices, and smooth slopes suitable for all levels of divers.
If you want to try diving on your trip to Buzios, you can book a scuba diving experience in advance. If you are staying in Rio de Janeiro city, you can also book a diving trip to the Lakes Region that includes return transport from Rio.
Dive Sites
Ilha de Âncora: One of the main dive destinations in the region, depths vary from 8 to 30 metres, suitable for beginners and advanced divers. Shoals of fish, large reef species, turtles, and rays are commonly seen. The resurgence phenomenon enhances the abundance of marine life. Book a dive at this site with a local scuba instructor.
Paraty
Paraty, located on Brazil’s Costa Verde between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, offers a more tranquil diving experience suitable for beginners (book a beginner's dive in Paraty). The area is known for its sheltered bays, quiet waters, and scenic surroundings, including colonial architecture. In Paraty's calm waters you can spot a variety of marine life such as rays, turtles, and reef fish.
Dive Sites
Ilha dos Meros: A sheltered, quiet dive site with a maximum depth of 13 metres and little current. Marine life has been reduced due to overfishing, but divers can still observe shoals, rays, and turtles.
3. Scuba Diving in Santa Catarina
Bombinhas and Porto Belo
This region features sheltered bays, rocky outcrops, and sandy bottoms, suitable for both beginner and experienced divers. Marine life is rich and includes groupers, barracuda, sergeants, salemas, moray eels, and colorful reef fish. Visibility is variable, often around 2–5 metres but can improve on calm days. The area has both natural reefs and artificial structures, including scattered wrecks.
Dive Sites
Ponta de Porto Belo: Depth 3–10 metres. A quiet, sheltered area with a rocky and sandy bottom. Ideal for beginners and experienced divers.
Praia de Bombinhas: Beach dive, depth 2–6 metres. Sandy bottom with a rocky side. Easy and pleasant orientation.
Praia da Sepultura: Depth 2–6 metres. Suitable for all levels of divers.
Trapiche de Bombinhas: Depth 2–6 metres. Sheltered dive site in front of the pier; quiet waters and interesting parcels.
Saco do Capim: Depth 5–12 metres. Sheltered area resembling a natural pool with bottom of stones and sand.
Recanto do Capim: Depth 5–12 metres. Sheltered area with passages between rocks and a cave leading to the surface.
Arvoredo – Saco do Engenho: Depth 6–15 metres. Rocky and sandy bottom; cave with two halls where large groupers reside. Pelagic fish also present.
Ilha de Itacolomis: Average depth 10 metres. Rocky formation with some slabs, high fauna and flora diversity.
Parque dos Meros: Depth approx. 18 metres. Open sea dive with artificial reefs made of concrete blocks between Currais and Itacolomis Islands.
Balsa Dianka: Depth approx. 30 metres. Advanced dive site on an artificial reef with large fish such as grouper and barracuda.
Balsa Espera Sete: Depth approx. 30 metres. Advanced site, farther offshore.
Shipwrecks
Granada: Located in Saco do Capim. This wreck crashed into the island of Arvoredo during a storm. The wreck is dismantled with pieces scattered on the bottom, providing habitat for reef fish and invertebrates.
Florianópolis
Florianópolis is known for its rocky reefs and clear waters, offering sites suitable for beginners and experienced divers. Marine life includes groupers, sergeants, salemas, reef fish, and occasional sightings of moray eels.
Dive Sites
Campeche Island: A popular dive site off the coast of Florianópolis with crystal clear waters. Depths vary, providing opportunities for both beginner and advanced divers. The site is home to diverse reef fish, invertebrates, and occasional visits from turtles.
4. Scuba Diving in Pernambuco
Fernando de Noronha
Fernando de Noronha is a volcanic archipelago located 400 km off the coast of Recife. The main island shares the archipelago’s name and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its crystal-clear waters are protected, creating one of Brazil’s premier diving destinations. Divers can encounter turtles, rays, reef sharks, dolphins, and abundant schools of reef fish. The marine park ensures conservation, and diving is regulated with environmental fees. Depths vary, offering options for beginners to advanced divers.
Dive Sites
Laje Dois Irmãos: Depth up to 22 metres. Divers can explore rocky formations and encounter colorful reef fish; popular with accredited divers.
Morro de Fora: Depth up to 16 metres. Known for dense concentrations of fire coral and abundant small reef fish.
Cabeço Dois Irmãos: Depth up to 52 metres. Between two close rocky pinnacles. Visibility 30–50 metres; strong currents; for experienced divers. Expect schools of pelagic fish and larger reef predators.
Naufrágio do Porto: Shallow dive up to 8 metres. Wreck of Greek ship Asturia (1930s). Suitable for beginners; expect schooling reef fish in and around the wreck.
Corveta Ipiranga V17: Depth approx. 60 metres. Brazilian Navy corvette; for advanced divers; wreck is home to large fish and deep-water species.
Caieiras: Depth 17 metres. Area between three rock formations; resting and feeding ground for sea turtles; abundant algae and small reef fish.
Trinta Reis: Depth 22 metres. Canyon formed by two rocky walls; ideal to observe schools of pelagic fish and reef species passing through the canyon.
Cabeço Submarino: Depth up to 23 metres. Spiral reef formation in front of Sueste Bay; excellent for observing reef fish along the entire ascent.
Ilha do Frade: Depth 8–22 metres. Outside sea; high diversity of reef fish and invertebrates.
Iuias: Depth 12–25 metres. Deep rock formations with canyons and caves; strong currents; for experienced divers only. Expect larger reef predators and schooling fish.
Canal da Sela da Gineta: Back of Sela Gineta Island; moderate current; ideal for reef fish observation.
Ilha do Meio: Depth up to 15 metres. Sheltered area rich in colorful reef fish and invertebrates.
Cabritos: Depth 20 metres. Volcanic rock formation; shelter for various reef fish species.
Ressurreta: Depth 8–12 metres. Calm waters suitable for baptisms; night diving possible; small reef fish and invertebrates.
Cagarras Fundas: Depth up to 30 metres. Versatile site; reef walls with schools of pelagic fish.
Caverna da Sapata: Cave 15 metres high by 30 metres long; currents present; reef fish and invertebrates inside the cavern.
Cagarras: Depth up to 34 metres. Starts shallow and sheltered; walls and drop-offs with reef fish, crustaceans, and small pelagic species.
Buraco das Cabras: Drift dive, 15 metres; volcanic rock formations with schooling reef fish.
Cabeço da Sapata: Depth up to 42 metres; advanced/XR divers; strong currents; pelagic fish and larger reef predators.
Buraco do Inferno: Depth 24 metres; limited penetration; spectacular rock formations with reef fish.
Cordilheiras: Depth up to 30 metres; rocky wall near Rata Island; schools of fish and colorful invertebrates.
Pedras Secas: Depth approx. 15 metres; corridors, arches, caves, and small caverns with reef fish and crustaceans.
Pontal do Norte: Submerged dark stone monolith; top near surface; clean blue water with schools of reef fish.
Macaxeira: Depth up to 40 metres; strong currents; wall of collapsed rocks with algae and schooling fish.
Cabeço das Cordas: Depth 17–33 metres; currents present; shallower part suitable for beginners; deeper areas have larger reef fish and pelagic species.
Shipwrecks
Asturia: Greek shipwreck in Naufrágio do Porto; shallow, suitable for beginner dives; home to schooling reef fish.
Corveta Ipiranga V17: Brazilian Navy corvette; deep wreck at 60 metres; advanced divers only; habitat for large fish and deep-water species.
Recife & Porto de Galinhas
Recife is the capital city of Pernambuco, named for the many reefs (“recifes”) surrounding its shoreline. The region has rivers, bridges, beaches, and islets, earning the nickname the Venice of Brazil. As a diving destination, Recife is known as the shipwreck capital of Brazil, with the main dive sites featuring dozens of shipwrecks, including artificial reefs intentionally sunk to create marine habitats. This area is ideal for adventurous divers. The underwater landscape includes over 30 shipwrecks from the 19th century to modern artificial reefs. Visibility is generally high, with warm waters year-round.
Meanwhile, the reefs and calm clear waters surrounding Porto de Galinhas are more suitable for beginner divers. If you plan to dive in Porto de Galinhas, you can book your diving trip in advance.
Shipwrecks
Margueritte: Depth 10–15 metres. Sank after two boiler explosions; 10 crew members, 2 survived. Divers see the vessel’s structure and surrounding reef fish.
Veleiro Yemanja: Depth 19 metres. Iron sailboat sunk intentionally; partially dismantled, masts and mooring heads visible. Reef fish inhabit the structure.
Servemar X: Depth 20–25 metres. Tugboat sunk in 2002; well-maintained, in navigational position; strong currents may be present.
Vapor de Baixo: Depth 22 metres. Steam tugboat, mostly buried, but engines and boilers intact.
Taurus & Virgo: Depth ~20 metres. Two wrecks 20 metres apart; both can be visited in one dive. Shallow dive with safe penetration opportunities.
Servemar 1: Depth 25 metres. Tugboat in front of Boa Viagem Beach; some engine room and steering wheel passages accessible.
Walsa: Depth 40 metres. Part of Artificial Wreck Park; well-preserved; suitable for technical dives.
Virgo: Depth 20 metres. Tugboat near Taurus; mooring bollards and hull intact; control room visible.
Draga Massangana: Depth 11 metres. Dredge sank accidentally in 1981; upside down; divers must take care.
Pirapama: Depth 19–23 metres. Steamship from 1889; historical wreck with identifiable pieces.
Phoenix: Depth ~25 metres. Tugboat; navigational position; control room, chimney, rudder intact.
Minuano: Depth 32 metres. Tugboat sunk for diving; keel-supported; ducted propeller, rudder, cockpit visible.
Taurus: Depth 25 metres. Tugboat; partial penetration possible; mooring bollards and engine parts visible.
São José: Depth 29 metres. Tugboat in navigational position; command house intact; engine room access.
Galeão São Paulo: Depth 19 metres. 17th-century galleon; wooden hull gone, cannons, anchors, coral, and reef fish remain.
Alvarenga: Depth 24 metres. Old iron frigate; hull preserved; near Olinda Beach.
Veleiro Orca: Depth 38 metres. Iron sailboat; purposely sunk as artificial reef; partially dismantled; supports reef life.
Batelao de Cima: Depth 25 metres. Small ship; mostly buried; sandy bottom; reef fish around structure.
Bellatrix: Depth 30 metres. Tugboat; navigational position; cleaned for safe penetration; reef fish inhabit area.
Lupus: Depth 30–36 metres. Tugboat sunk with Minuano and Servemar X; chimneys visible; structure intact.
Mercurius: Depth 28 metres. Tugboat; navigational position; control room, ducted propeller, and engine room accessible.
Rebocador Marte: Depth 16–33 metres. Tugboat sunk in 1997; three floors; several passages; advanced divers.
Saveiros: Depth 28 metres. Tugboat; mooring bollards, control room, chimney, engine room passages intact.
Florida: Depth 30–33 metres. Tugboat sank due to bad weather; boiler, winch, propeller, and rudder intact.
Vapor dos 48: Depth ~30 metres. Unknown steamship; engines intact; diagonal resting position; visible wheel.
Gonçalo Coelho: Depth 16–34 metres. Ship carrying materials to Fernando de Noronha; wreck intact; reef fish inhabit area.
Corveta Camaquã: Depth 60 metres. WWII escort corvette; cannons and ammunition visible; advanced divers only.
6. Scuba Diving in Bahia
Salvador
Salvador, the capital of Bahia, is one of Brazil’s oldest cities, settled by the Portuguese in the 1500s. The city is culturally rich, with colonial architecture, baroque churches, and vibrant music. Diving is accessible via short boat trips from the city, offering warm, clear waters and numerous historical and artificial wrecks.
Dive Sites
Quebra-mar: Depth up to 8 metres. Two-mile coral wall; seahorses, morays, lobsters, and reef fish commonly observed; suitable for all levels.
Terno – Salvador: Depth 12–14 metres. Large coral reef area; turtles, morays, and exotic reef fish. Suitable for all levels.
Prainha: Depth up to 7 metres. Sheltered site; ideal for training, night dives, and snorkeling; reef fish always present.
Corais de Ondina: Depth 25 metres. Coral gardens over 200 m²; rocky background with schools of fish, rays, lobsters, whiting, and larger reef species.
Shipwrecks
Naufrágio Blackadder: Depth 9 metres. Clipper sailboat, 70 metres long; sank in 1905; structure preserved; reef fish and corals around wreck.
Ho Mei III – Salvador: Depth 33–39 metres. Shipwreck discovered years after sinking; standing position; suitable for experienced divers.
Naufrágio Agenor Gordilho: Depth 10 metres. Artificial ferryboat; 71 metres long, five decks; upright and slightly inclined; reef fish inhabit wreck.
Naufrágio Germania: Depth 11 metres. Two wrecks near Barra lighthouse; boilers, masts, anchors, and hull visible; reef fish present.
Maraldi: Depth 6 metres. Shallow wreck for beginners; boiler in center; structure partially dismantled.
Reliance: Depth 8 metres. Wreck near Barra Hill; machines intact; boilers and steering wheel partially buried; small propeller visible.
Galeão Sacramento: Depth 16–19 metres. Portuguese galleon; sank in 1668; cannons, anchors, and hull remnants visible; reef fish present.
Abrolhos Archipelago
The Abrolhos Archipelago is located about 40 miles off the southern coast of Bahia. It consists of several islands and a coral bank accessible by boat from Caravelas or Alcobaça. The area is known for its unique coral formations called chapeirões, which are large mushroom-shaped structures rising from the seabed to the surface. The waters are home to abundant reef fish, coral species, and seasonal humpback whales. Disembarking on the islands is prohibited, so diving and sightseeing are done via liveaboards or fast boat trips.
Dive Sites
Chapeirão Mau Mau: Depth 9 metres. Underwater trail 140 metres long; 14 pins with cables connect points of interest; ideal for observing coral formations and reef fish.
Chapeirão Jean Pierre: Depth 11 metres. Endemic coral structures; several passages and tunnels connecting surrounding coral formations.
Chapeirão Atlântida: Depth 8–32 metres. Less visited; features multiple passages and channels ending in a lounge for up to 15 divers; reef fish and coral communities present.
Chapeirão Faca Cega: Depth up to 25 metres. Coral pinnacles with burrows and passages; diameter ~20 metres; notable for complex reef formations and marine life observation.
Shipwrecks
Naufrágio Nebula: Depth 4–12 metres. 73 metre-long wreck in one piece; penetration possible; surrounded by reef fish.
Naufrágio Guadiana: Depth 11 metres. Sank in 1885 after colliding with a rock while carrying coffee; dismantled but parts such as machines and rudder remain; reef fish inhabit the site.
8. Scuba Diving in Alagoas
Maceió
Maceió, the capital of Alagoas, is known for its warm, clear waters, natural pools, and abundant marine life. The coast features coral reefs that form natural pools at low tide, creating shallow lagoons that act as natural aquariums.
Dive Sites
Natural Pools of Pajuçara: Accessible 20 minutes by catamaran or speedboat. Shallow pools formed by coral reefs at low tide, with starfish, small reef fish, and other marine life. Suitable for beginners and guided dives.
Paripueira: Natural pools less than 3 km offshore; shallow, warm waters (~30 °C). Seabed includes sand, limestone formations, and coral reefs. Ideal for beginner and intermediate divers.
French Beach (Praia do Francês): Shallow and deeper sections up to 30 metres. Coral reefs and natural pools; dive sites include historical shipwrecks.
Shipwrecks
Itapagé: Coordinates -9.9080, -35.8212. Depth 27 metres. Liner-type ship sunk by German submarine U-161 during WWII. Passage between large engines is a highlight. Artificial reef with abundant fish, rays, some turtles, and occasional sharks.
Dragon: Depth variable. Dredge sunk in 1927, upside down and dismantled. Coral and marine life visible around the hull; penetration not required.
Draguinha: Small dredge, no engine, sunk near Maceió. Habitat for turtles, rays, and reef vegetation.
Sequipe: Sunken winch raft (1918). Depth ~30 metres, accessible by speedboat. Marine life includes rays, turtles, and moray eels.
French Shipwreck: At French Beach, 1624. Large vessel; anchor 4 metres long still visible. Depth up to 30 metres; suitable for experienced divers.
English Shipwreck: Near French Beach; hull, anchors, and tiles remain intact underwater. Depth up to 30 metres.
Maragogi
Maragogi is famous for its crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and natural pools called Galés, which form lagoons at low tide. These are some of the most renowned snorkeling and diving locations in Brazil, with abundant colorful fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and coral species.
Dive Sites
Galés: Largest natural pool formations in Alagoas. Shallow and clear waters with coral reefs and diverse marine life; ideal for beginner and advanced divers. Early morning dives recommended for best visibility.
Praia de Xaréu: Shallow natural lagoon formed at low tide; abundant fish and reef life visible from the surface. Coral reefs create a natural barrier and shelter for marine species.
More resources for planning your trip to Brazil
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